1. O you who believe! Fulfil your contracts! Those between people and Allah and those with other people. All live stock animals (camels, cattle, and sheep) are lawful for you to eat after proper slaughter, except those that are recited to you now – which are forbidden in the coming ayat “Forbidden for you are…” (5:3), and this is a general statement which is then followed by the absolute exceptions to it – but it is still not lawful to hunt while you are in ihram. Allah makes whatever judgements He wills about lawfulness and other things and there is no opposing that.

2. You who believe! Do not, on the basis of false claims, profane the sacred rites of Allah – the hallmarks of the din. Do not profane them by hunting in the state of ihram – or the sacred months – by fighting in them – or the sacrificial animals – animals which are earmarked for the haram – or the ritual garlands – referring to animals which are garlanded from the bushes of the haram so that they are protected: do not attack them or their owners – or those heading for the Sacred House – by fighting them – desiring profit from good trade and good pleasure from their Lord by their intention. With reference to non-Muslims this was abrogated by Sura at-Tawba. When you have come out of Ihram, then hunt for game – so hunting becomes permitted. Do not let hatred for a people who debar you from the Sacred Mosque incite you into going beyond the limits by killing such people or others. Help each other to goodness by doing what Allah has commanded and fear of Allah by avoiding what He has forbidden. Do not help each other to wrongdoing (acts of disobedience) and enmity – by transgressing the bounds of Allah. Be fearful of Allah – showing your fear of His punishment by obeying Him. Allah is Severe in Retribution towards those who oppose Him.

3. Forbidden for you to eat are carrion, spilled blood – when taken from slaughtered livestock – and pork, and what has been consecrated to other than Allah – by being slaughtered in other than His Name – and animals which have been strangled, and animals which have been killed by a blow, and animals which have fallen to their death from a high to a low place, and animals which have been gored and killed by the goring, and animals which wild beasts have eaten – except those in these categories you are able to slaughter properly by managing to slaughter them while they are still alive – and animals which have been sacrificed to idols o n altars, and deciding things by means of divining arrow s – eating these categories is forbidden. “Divining arrows” are small featherless arrows without points. There were seven of them and they were in the keeping of the Custodian of the Ka‘ba. There were marks on them and they were used for making judgements; those who utilised them did what they commanded and avoided what they forbade –that is degeneracy (abandonment of obedience). The following was revealed on the Day of ‘Arafat during the Farewell hajj. Today the unbelievers have despaired of overcoming your din – by making you leave it when they desired you to do so, because of the strength they see in it. So do not be afraid of them but be afraid of Me. Today I have perfected your din for you – by finalising its rulings and obligations and indeed after this there was no further revelation about the halal and haram – and completed My blessing upon you –by perfecting it or by the safe entry of the Muslims into Makka –and am pleased with Islam as a din and have chosen it for you. But if anyone is forced by hunger to eat anything which has been for-bidden him, not intending any wrongdoing – in other words, with-out inclining to disobedience – Allah is Ever-Forgiving for what he eats, Most Merciful to him in allowing him to do something which is not allowed to someone who intends to do wrong like, for instance, a highway robber or rebel, to whom this dispensation does not apply and who is not allowed to eat that.

4. They will ask you, Muhammad, what food is lawful for them. Say: “All good (wholesome) things are lawful for you, and also what is caught for you by hunting animals – such as dogs, birds of prey and other hunting animals – which you have trained to hunt as Allah has taught you and released after the game. The animals caught by them are lawful provided they kill them and do not eat from them, whereas if the animals are untrained, what they catch is not lawful. The difference between trained and untrained animals is that the former go when released and stop when told to stop, and hold the game without eating it. An animal cannot be considered to be trained until it has done that three times. If the animal eats from game it has caught, that game cannot be considered part of what it has caught for its owner and so it is not lawful to eat it as reported in the two Sahih collections. Game killed by an arrow when it has been released after the Name of Allah has been mentioned is the same as game caught by trained animals. Eat what they catch for you, mentioning Allah’s name over it when you release the animal after the game. And be fearful of Allah. Allah is Swift at Reckoning.”

5. Today all good things have been made lawful for you. And the food of those given the Book – animals ritually slaughtered by Jews and Christians – is also lawful for you and your food is lawful for them. So are chaste women from among the believers and chaste (free) women of those given the Book before you lawful to marry, once you have given them their dowries in marriage, not in open fornication with them or taking them as lovers by secret fornication. But as for anyone who rejects belief and apostatises, his prior righteous actions come to nothing and will not be considered and he will not be rewarded for them, and in the Next World he will be among the losers if he dies in that state.

6. You who believe! When you want to get up to do the prayer and are in a state of minor impurity, wash your faces and your hands and your arms to the elbows – as the Sunna makes clear – and wipe over your heads, (the ba’ here is a connective particle and, according to ash-Shafi, indicates that the minimum of what is named, i.e.. the head, is adequate, so that in his opinion it is only necessary to wipe over part of the head) and your feet to the ankles – including the ankle joints, as the Sunna makes clear. “Your feet” is in the accusative which shows that it continues on from “arms and elbow s ” , meaning that they must be washed as well, not merely wiped. So the hands and feet are washed while the head is wiped. This ayat also defines the obligatory order for the purification of these limbs, in the opinion of ash-Shafi. Another aspect of the Sunna is that it is mandatory to have an intention for this act of purification as is the case for other acts of worship. If you are in a state of major impurity, then purify yourselves by doing ghusl and washing your whole body. But if you are ill and would be harmed by water, or on a journey, or have come from the lavatory and are, therefore, in a state of minor impurity, or have touched women, as was covered earlier in Sura an-Nisa’ (4:43), and cannot find any water after looking for it, then do tayammum with pure earth, and wipe your faces and your hands and arms to the elbows with two blows to the ground. The Sunna clarifies that what is meant is to fully wipe over the parts indicated. Allah does not want to make things difficult for you by imposing on you the obligations of Wudu’, ghusl and tayammum, but He does want to purify you of impurities and sins and to perfect His blessing (Islam) upon you by clarifying the laws of the din so that perhaps you may show thanks for His blessings.

7. Remember Allah’s blessing upon you – by guiding you to Islam – and the covenant He made with you when you said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in pledging allegiance to him, “We hear and we obey in respect of all you command and forbid whether we love or dislike it.” Be fearful of Allah regarding breaking your covenant with Him. Allah knows what the hearts contain, not to mention other things far less hidden.

8. You who believe! Show integrity for the sake of Allah – carrying out the rights due to Him fairly – bearing witness with justice. Do not let hatred for a people (the unbelievers) incite you into not being just so that you incur the brunt of their hostility. Be just t o both enemy and friend. That (justice) is closer to fear of Allah. Be fearful of Allah; Allah is aware of what you do and will repay you for it.

9. Allah has promised those who believe and do right actions forgiveness and an immense reward (the Garden).

10. But those who disbelieve and deny Our Signs, are the Companions of the Blazing Fire.

11. You who believe! Remember Allah’s blessing upon you when certain people (the Quraysh) were on the verge of raising their hands against you to kill you and He held their hands back from you and protected you from what they wanted to do to you. Be fearful of Allah. Let the believers put their trust in Allah.

12. Allah made a covenant with the Tribe of Israel and We raised up twelve leaders from among them a chief from each of the tribes who was responsible for his people fulfilling the covenant. Allah said, “I am with you with help and victory. If you establish the prayer and pay the zakat, and believe in My Messengers and respect and support them and help them, and lend a generous loan to Allah by spending in the Way of Allah I will erase your wrong actions from you and admit you into Gardens with rive r s flowing under them. Any of you who disbelieve after that covenant have gone astray from the right way.” They have erred regarding the path of the Truth. The root of going straight means being in the middle. Then they broke the covenant, and so Allah says:

13. But because of their breaking of their covenant, We have cursed them and put them far from Our mercy and made their hearts hard not soft to accept faith. They distort the true meaning of words in the Torah which contain the description of Muhammad and other things, moving them from the places where Allah put them by changing them, and have forgotten and abandoned a good portion of what they were reminded of and were commanded to do in the Torah in respect of following Muhammad when he came. You, O Prophet, will never cease to come upon some act of treachery on their part in respect of breaking their covenant and others things except for a few of them who become Muslim. Yet pardon them, and overlook. Allah loves good-doers. This was abrogated by the ayah of the sword.

14. We also made a covenant with those who say, “We are Christians,” as Allah had done previously with the Jewish Tribe of Israel and they too forgot a good portion of what they were reminded of regarding belief and other things in the Gospel, and they too broke their covenant. So We stirred up enmity and hatred between them until the Day of Rising by dividing them into their different in such a way that each sect denies the other when Allah will inform them in the Next World about what they did and will repay them for it.

15. People of the Book referring to both the Jews and Christians! Our Messenger Muhammad has come to you, making clear to you much of the Book (the Torah and Gospel) that you have kept concealed such as the ayat of Stoning and his description and passing over a lot without making it clear since there is no benefit except in clear explanation. A Light (the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace) has come to you from Allah, and a Clear Book (the Qur’an).

16. Allah guides by it (the Book) to the ways of Peace those who follow what pleases Him by making them believers. He will bring them from the darkness of unbelief to the light of belief by His per -mission (His will) and guide them to a Straight Path (the Din of Islam).

17. Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, son of Maryam,” have disbelieved by making him a god. This means the Jacobites, a group of Christians. Say: “Who possesses any power at all over Allah to avert His punishment if He desires to destroy the Messiah, son of Maryam, and his mother, and everyone else on earth?” No one has the power to do that, let alone to turn the Messiah into a god. The sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and everything between them belongs to Allah. He creates whatever He wills. Allah has power over everything.

18. The Jews and the Christians both say “ We are like Allah’s children in the position of sons with their father in respect of Allah’s mercy and compassion and His loved ones.” Say to them, Muhammad: “Why, then, does He torment you for your wrong actions if you are speaking the truth regarding that when it is clear that fathers do not torment their sons nor lovers those they love , whereas Allah has punished you and so it is clear that you are liars? No, you are merely human beings among those He has created. You have what they have and owe what they owe. He forgives whomever He wills and He punishes whoever He wills and no one can prevent Him doing that. The sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and everything between them belongs to Allah. The final destination is to Him.”

19. People of the Book! Our Messenger (Muhammad) has come to you, making things (the laws of the din) clear to you, after a period with no Messengers the gap between Messengers referred to is that between the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Isa, peace be on him: a period of five hundred and sixty-nine years lest you should say when you are punished, “No bringer of good news or Warner came to us.” A bringer of good news and a warner has come to you. Now you have no excuse. Allah has power over everything, one aspect of which is the power to punish them if they do not follow the Prophet.

20. Remember when Musa said to his people, “My people! Remember Allah’s blessing upon you when He appointed Prophets among you and appointed kings for you with courts and entourages and gave you what He had not given to anyone else in all the worlds such as manna and quail, the parting of the Sea, and other Divine gifts.

21. “My people! Enter the Holy Land which Allah has ordained for you and commanded you to enter. This was greater Syria (Sham). Do not turn back in your track s and be defeated by fear of the enemy and so be transformed into losers in respect of your efforts.”

22. They said, “Musa! There are tyrants in it. They were remnants of the people of ‘Ad and were very tall and strong. We will not enter it until they leave. If they leave it, then we will go in.”

23. Two men among those who were afraid fearing to oppose the command of Allah, Yusha‘and Kalib who were among the notables whom Musa sent to spy out the circumstances of the tyrants but whom Allah had blessed by preserving them from wrong action so that they concealed what they had learned except from Musa, which was not the case with the others who were cowardly and spread the information about said to them, “Enter the gate of the city against them! Do not fear them. They are merely bodies without hearts. Once you have entered it, you will be victorious meaning that out of certainty in the victory of Allah and that He would carry out the promise of victory He had given them. Put your trust in Allah if you are believers.”

24. They said, “Musa! We will never enter it so long as they are there. So you and your Lord go and fight them. We will stay sitting here and not fighting.”

25. He (Musa) then said, “My Lord, I have no power over anyone to compel them to obey but myself and my brother, so make a clear distinction between us and this degenerate people.”

26. He (Allah) said, “The land (the Holy Land) will be forbidden to them to enter for forty years during which they will wander aimlessly about the earth in an area of a few square kilometres, as Ibn ‘Abbas said. Do not waste grief and sorrow on this degenerate people.” It is related that they travelled at night and in the morning found themselves back in the place where they started from. They did the same in daytime, until all of them died except those under twenty years old. It is said that there were six hundred thousand of them. Harun and Musa died in the desert but it was a mercy for them whereas it was a punishment for the others. Musa asked his Lord, when he was dying, to put him within a stone’s throw of the Holy Land and He did. Yusha became a Prophet after the age of forty and commanded that the tyrants be fought. Those who were left went with him and fought on a Friday. The sun stopped for an hour until the fighting was over. Ahmad related in his Musnad the hadith, “The sun was not halted for anyone except Yusha’.”

27. Recite, Muhammad, to them (your people) the true account of Adam’s two sons (Habil and Qabil) when they offered a sacrifice to Allah a ram from Habil and crops from Qabil and it was accepted from one of them (Habil) known by the fact that lightning came down and burned up his offering but not accepted from the other (Qabil) who became angry and concealed his envy within himself until Adam went on Hajj. The one said to the other, “I shall kill you.” Habil asked him why and Qabil said, “Because your sacrifice was accepted and mine was not.” The other said, “Allah only accepts from the godfearing.

28. Even if you do raise your hand against me to kill me, I am not going to raise my hand against you to kill you. Truly I fear Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.

29. I want you to take on my wrongdoing by killing me and your wrongdoing for what you did before and so become one of the Companions of the Fire. I do not want to take on your sin if you kill me so that I become one of the People of the Fire.” Allah says: That is the repayment of the wrongdoers.

30. So his lower self persuaded him and made it appear attractive to him to kill his brother, and he killed him and became one of the lost by killing him; and he did not know what to do with him because that was the first human corpse on the earth, so he carried him on his back.

31. Then Allah sent a crow which scratched at the earth with its beak and feet and piled it on top of another dead crow until it had covered it to show him how to conceal and bury his brother’s corpse. He said, “O woe is me! Am I not even able to be like this crow and conceal my brother’s corpse?” And he became one of the bitterly remorseful for what he had done by carrying him and then burying him.

32. …on that account (Qabil’s murder). So We decreed for the Tribe of Israel that if someone kills another person unless it is in retaliation for killing someone else or for causing corruption in the earth by such things as unbelief and fornication and highway robbery it is as if he had murdered all mankind. And if anyone gives life to another person by preventing a murder it is as if he had given life to all mankind. Ibn ‘Abbas said that murdering all mankind occurs when there is violation of the honour and safety of the person. Our Messengers came to them (the Tribe of Israel) with Clear Signs (miracles) but even after that many of them committed outrages in the earth by exceeding the limits in respect of unbelief, killing and other things.

33. The following was revealed about the ‘Uranites when they came to Madina and were ill and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave them permission to go out to the camels and drink from their urine and milk. When they recovered again, they killed the herdsman of the Prophet and stole the animals. The reprisal against those who wage war on Allah and His Messenger by fighting the Muslims and go about the earth corrupting it b y committing highway robbery is that they should be killed or crucified, or have their opposite hands and feet cut off right hand and left foot or be banished from the land. The conjunction “or”, which separates the different punishments, indicates that they should be applied in order of severity according to the particular circum-stances of the crime. Killing is for someone who only kills. Crucifixion is for someone who kills and steals. Amputation is for someone who steals but does not kill. Exile is for someone who only causes fear. Ibn ‘Abbas said this, and ash-Shafi follows it. The sounder of two positions is that someone crucified should be left up for three days. Connected to exile are punishments of imprisonment and the like. That punishment will be their degradation in this world and in the Next World they will have a terrible punishment in the Fire,

34. … except for those highwaymen and rebels who repent before you gain power over them. Know that Allah is Ever Forgiving for what they have done, Most Merciful to them, by allowing a penalty less than those prescribed in the previous ayat. So do not inflict the hadd on them. Repentance can only mitigate the hadd of Allah but it does not alter the rights of human beings. This is clear to me and I cannot see any possible opposition to it. Allah knows best. If someone kills and takes property, he is subject to execution and amputation but is not to be crucified. This is the sounder of the positions of ash-Shafi. Repentance is of no use after someone has been captured. That is the sounder of his two views.

35. You who believe! Be fearful of Allah showing fear of His punishment by obeying Him and seek the means through obedience to draw near to Him, and fight hard in jihad in His Way to elevate His din, so that perhaps you may be successful.

36. As for those who disbelieve, if they had everything on the earth, and the same again with it, to ransom themselves from the punishment of the Day of Rising, it would not be accepted from them. They will have a painful punishment.

37. They will want to get out of the Fire but they will not be able to. They will have an everlasting punishment.

38. As for both male thieves and female thieves, cut off their right hands at the wrist in reprisal for what they have done: the Sunna makes it clear that amputation takes place on account of a quarter of a dinar or more and if someone steals again, their left foot is cut at the ankle, then their left hand, and after that it is subject to discretion an object lesson and punishment from Allah. Allah is Almighty in His command, All-Wise in His creation.

39. But if anyone repents after his wrongdoing after stealing and puts things right by amending his behaviour Allah will turn towards him. Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful. The rights of another human being are not restored by repentance, so a thief must return any property he has stolen. The Sunna makes it clear that if someone repents before the case is presented to the ruler; the hadd is not carried out. That is the position of ash-Shafi.

40. Do you not know that the sovereignty of the heavens and earth belongs to Allah? This question implies an affirmative response. He punishes whoever He wills and forgives whoever He wills. Allah has power over everything, including the power to punish or forgive.

41. Messenger! Do not be grieved by what has been done by those who rush into unbelief falling into unbelief quickly at the first possible opportunity from among those who say “We believe” with only their tongues when their hearts do not believe. They are the hypocrites. And among the Jews are those who listen to lies, which their rabbis have forged and which they accept instead of listening to you listening to other people among the Jews who have not come to you referring to the people of Khaybar. When one of them who had been married committed adultery and they did not want to stone him, Qurayza sent a delegation to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to ask for his judgement regarding the couple distorting words which were in the Torah, such as the verse on stoning from their proper meanings a s Allah had revealed them, thereby changing them saying to those they sent, “If you are given this altered judgement, which is flogging, by Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace then take it and accept it. If, however, you are not given it and are given a different judgement then beware of accepting it!” If Allah desires misguidance for someone, you cannot help him or defend him against Allah in any way. Those are the people whose hearts Allah does not want to purify from unbelief. If He desires that, it shall be. They will have disgrace in this world through degradation and jizya, and in the Next World they will have a terrible punishment.

42. They are listeners to lies, consumers of ill-gotten gains (read as suht and suhut): unlawful wealth, such as bribes. If they come to y o u so that you can judge between them you may either judge between them or turn away from them. This is abrogated by Allah’s words, “Judge between them…” (5:49) below. So the Muslims must give judgement between them when they come to us for it. That is the soundest of the positions of ash-Shafi. If they present themselves accompanied by a Muslim, it becomes absolutely mandatory to give judgement by consensus. If you turn away from them, they cannot harm you in any wa y. But if you do judge between them, judge between them justly and fairly. Allah loves the just, who are fair in their judgements, and will reward them.

43. How can they make you their judge when they have the Torah with them which contains the judgement of Allah about stoning? This is a question which invokes wonder, suggesting that they did not intend by so doing to know the truth but hoped for a judgement which would be easier for them. Then even after that judgement they turn their backs when they are presented with the judgement of stoning which is in fact in accordance with their Book. Such people are certainly not believers.

44. We sent down the Torah containing guidance away from misguidance and light here meaning clarification of judgements and the Prophets of the Tribe of Israel, who had submitted them -selves and obeyed Allah, gave judgement by it for the Jews as did their scholars and their rabbis by what they had been allowed to preserve of Allah’s Book without alteration and to which they were witnesses that it was the truth. Do not be afraid of people, Jews, regarding divulging what they have of the description of Muhammad, stoning and other things: be afraid of Me regarding concealing it. And do not sell and exchange My Signs for a paltry price: a little of this world, in return for concealing them. Those who do not judge by what Allah has sent down, such people are unbelievers.

45. We prescribed in it (the Torah) for them: a life for a life you should be killed if you kill someone an eye (read as ‘aynu and ‘ayna) gouged out for an eye, a nose (read as anfu and anfa) mutilated for a nose, an ear (read as udhunu and udhuna) cut off for an ear, a tooth (read as sinnu and sinna) extracted for a tooth, and retaliation for wounds. There is retaliation when it is possible, for instance for the loss of a life, a foot, a hand and similar things, but when it is impossible, arbitration should take place. This judgement, even if was prescribed for the Jews, is also confirmed in our Shari’ah. But if anyone forgoes that (retaliation) when he is able to exact it, forgoing it as charity, it will act as expiation for him. Those who do not judge by what Allah has sent down regarding retaliation and other things, such people are wrongdoers.

46. And We sent Isa son of Maryam following in their (the Prophets’) footsteps, confirming the Torah that came before him. We gave him the Gospel containing guidance away from misguidance and light meaning here clarification of judgements confirming the judgements in the Torah that came before it, and as guidance and admonition for the godfearing.

47. The people of the Gospel should judge (read as wal-yahkum and wal-yahkuma) by what rulings Allah sent down in it. Those who do not judge by what Allah has sent down, such people are degenerate.

48. And We have sent down the Book (the Quran) to you, Muhammad, with truth, confirming and conserving the previous Books, and testifying to them. So judge between them the People of the Book when they present a case to you by what Allah has sent down to you, and do not follow their whims and desires, so deviating from the Truth that has come to you. We have appointed a law (Shari’ah) and a practice (a clear path) for every one of you (different religious communities) to follow in respect of your din. Had Allah willed, He would have made you a single nation, with a single Shari‘a, but He wanted to test you and divide you into groups regarding what (the different laws) has come to you to see which of you would obey and which disobey. So compete against each other in doing good and race to that. Every one of you will return to Allah at the Resurrection and He will inform you regarding the things about which you differed in respect of the din, and repay each of them for their actions.

49. Judge between them by what Allah has sent down and do not follow their whims and desires. And beware of them lest they lure you away and misguide you from some of what Allah has sent down to you. If they turn their backs from the revealed judgement and desire something else then know that Allah wants to afflict them to punish them in this world with some of their wrong actions which they commit, including this turning away. He will repay them for all of them in the Next World. Many of mankind are degenerate.

50. Do they then seek (read as yabghuna and tabghuna, “you seek”) the judgement of the Time of Ignorance out of desire for mutual flattery and prejudice? Who could be better at giving judgement than Allah, for people with certainty? No one, of course, could be better. The people with certainty are mentioned because they are those who reflect on things deeply.

51. O you who believe! Do not take the Jews and Christians as your friends in mutual friendship and love; they are friends of one another. Do not join with them in their unbelief. Any of you who take them as friends is one of them. Allah surely does not guide wrongdoing people who befriend the unbelievers.

52. Yet you see those with sickness (weak faith) in their hearts as was the case with ‘Abdullah ibn Ubayy, the hypocrite rushing to t h e m in friendship, saying in excuse, “We fear the wheel of fate may turn against us” fearing the advent of drought or defeat or that Muhammad might not be successful. It is so that they do not single them out The Almighty continues: But it may well be that Allah will bring about victory when the d ı n of the Prophet triumphs or some other contingency from Him: the exposure and disgrace of the hypocrites. Then they will deeply regret their secret thoughts of doubt and befriending the unbelievers.

53. Those who believe say (read as yaqulu and yaqula) in amazement to one another when the hypocrites are disgraced by disclosure “Are these the people who swore by Allah, with their most earnest oaths, that they were with you in the din?” Allah says: Their righteous actions have come to nothing and are nullified and they now are losers. They have lost this world through their disgrace and the Next World through eternal punishment.

54. O you who believe! If any of you renounce your din reverting to unbelief: this shows that Allah knew that that would happen and indeed a group did renounce Islam after the death of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace Allah will bring for -ward a people to replace them whom He loves and who love Him and the Prophet said about this, “They (the replacements) are the people of this one,” and he pointed at Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari (al-Hakim) humble and kind to the believers, fierce and harsh to the unbelievers, who fight to the utmost in the Way of Allah and do not fear the blame of any blamer in the way that hypocrites fear the criticism of the unbelievers. That is the unbounded favour of Allah which He gives to whoever He wills. Allah is Boundless in His favour, All-Knowing of who deserves it. This ayat was revealed when Ibn Salam said, “Messenger of Allah, our people are shunning us.”

55. Your friend is only Allah and His Messenger and those who believe: those who establish the prayer and pay zakat, and bow in humility or who pray voluntary prayers.

56. And those who make Allah their friend and His Messenger and those who believe: Allah will help them and support them; it is the party of Allah who are the victorious through His support of them. This makes it clear that they are His party and His followers.

57. O you who believe! Do not take as friends any of those given the Book before you or the unbelievers (idolaters) who make a mockery and a game out of your din. Show fear of Allah by not taking them as friends if you are believers and are true in your belief.

58. When you call to the prayer with the adhan they make a mockery and a game of it (the prayer) by making fun of it and laughing with one another. That which they do is because they are people who do not use their intellect.

59. The following was revealed when the Jews asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “In which Messengers do you believe?” He said, “We believe in Allah and what He has revealed to us.” When he mentioned Isa they said, “We do not know a worse din than yours.” Say: “O People of the Book, do you resent and dislike us for any other reason than that we believe in Allah and what was sent down to us, and what was sent down before to the Prophets and that most of you are degenerate?” In other words: “You only dislike us for our belief and your opposition in not accepting it is sheer deviance.”

60. Say: “Shall I tell you of a reward (repayment) with Allah far worse than that which you resent: those Allah whom has cursed and put far from His mercy and with whom He is angry turning some of them into monkeys and into pigs by transmogrification and who worshipped (read as ‘abada and ‘abuda) false gods. These are the Jews before them. “False gods” (Taghut) refers to Shaytan. They worship him by obeying him. Such people are in a worse situation because they will be in the Fire and further from the right wa y (the Path of the Truth).” The root of straight (sawa) means “middle”. This is in contradiction of their words, “There is no din worse than your din.”

61. When they (the hypocritical Jews) come to you, they say, “We believe.” But they entered in unbelief and left you with it. They never believed. Allah knows best what they were hiding of hypocrisy.

62. You see many of them (the Jews) rushing headlong into wrong -doing (lying) and enmity (injustice) and acquiring unlawful wealth such as bribes. What an evil thing they do by doing that.

63. Why do the scholars and rabbis among them not prohibit them from evil speech (lies) and acquiring ill-gotten gains? What an evil thing they fabricate by ignoring their prohibition.

64. When their circumstances became reduced because of their denial of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, after they had previously been the wealthiest of people, the Jews say, “Allah’s hand is chained” implying that He is unable to send pro-vision to them and that He is miserly. Allah is far exalted above that. Allah continues by saying: Their hands are chained and kept from performing good actions as a supplication against them and they are cursed for what they say! No! Both His hands are open wide an emphatic description of generosity, and the hands are singled out for mention since what the generous give of their property, they give with their hands and He gives however He wills expanding or constricting and no one can object. What has been sent down to you from your Lord increases many of them in insolence and rejection of it. We have cast enmity and hatred between them each group opposing the others until the Day of Rising. Each time they kindle the fire of war against the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace Allah extinguishes it. Whenever they try to do that, Allah repels them. They rush about the earth, corrupting it through acts of disobedience. Allah does not love corrupters and will punish them.

65. If only the People of the Book had believed in Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and been godfearing, fearing unbelief, We would have erased their evil deeds from them and admitted them into Gardens of Delight.

66. If only they had implemented the Torah and the Gospel by acting on what their Books contain, which includes belief in the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and what (Revelation) was sent down to them from their Lord, they would have eaten from above their heads and beneath their feet, as their provision would have been expanded for them and overflowed from every side. Among them there is a moderate group who act by it, those who believed in the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the way that ‘Abdullah ibn Salam and his companions did, but what most of them do is evil.

67. Messenger! Deliver all of what has been sent down to you from your Lord. Do not conceal anything out of fear of something being disliked. If you do not do it convey all that has been revealed to you you will not have conveyed His Message (read as risala and also in the plural as risalat) because concealing some of it is like concealing all of it. Allah will protect you from people from them killing you. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to have guards guarding him until this was revealed and then he said, “Leave. Allah has given me protection.” (al-Hakim) Allah does not guide the people of the unbelievers.

68. Say: “People of the Book! You have nothing of the din to stand on until you implement the Torah and the Gospel and what has been sent down to you from your Lord by acting by what is in it, part of which is believing in me.” What has been sent down to you (the Qur’an) from your Lord increases many of them in insolence and unbelief because they reject it. So do not waste your grief by feeling sorry on the people of the unbelievers if they not believe in you. Do not worry about them.

69. Those who believe and those who are Jews and the Sabaeans, a group of them, and the Christians, all who believe in Allah and the Last Day and act rightly will feel no fear and know no sorrow in the Next World.

70. We made a covenant with the Tribe of Israel to believe in Allah and all His Messengers and We sent Messengers to them. Each time a Messenger from them came to them with something (religious obligations) their lower selves did not desire then they rejected him they denied some and they murdered others, such as Zakariyya and Yahya.

71. They thought that there would be no trouble, meaning punishment for their denying and killing the Messengers. They were blind to the truth and did not see it, and deaf to hearing it. Then Allah turned towards them when they repented. Then many of them went blind and deaf again. Allah sees what they do and will repay them for their actions.

72. Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, the son of Maryam,” are unbelievers. The Messiah said to them, “O Tribe of Israel! Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord” meaning, “I am a slave, and not a god.” If anyone attributes partners to Allah by worship-ping anything other than Allah, Allah has forbidden him entry into the Garden and his refuge will be the Fire.” The wrongdoers will have no helpers to protect them from the punishment of Allah.

73. Those who say, “Allah is the third of three gods,” implying that there is a trinity of Allah, Isa and his mothers (a sect of Christians) are unbelievers. There is no god but One God. If they do not stop saying what they say regarding trinitarianism, and start affirming Allah’s unity, a painful punishment (the Fire) will afflict those among them who disbelieve and remain adamant in their unbelief.

74. Why do they not turn to Allah and ask for His forgiveness for what they have said? This is a question which implies a rebuke. Allah is Ever Forgiving to those who repent, Most Merciful t o them.

75. The Messiah, the son of Maryam, was only a Messenger, before whom Messengers came and went. In other words, he was like the other Messengers, not a god as the Christians claimed. His mother was a woman of truth. The title “woman of truth” (Siddiqa) is an adjective derived from the intensive form of Sidq which means sincere or truthful. Both of them ate food like other people. Since he was like that, he cannot be a god, because of his constitution and weakness and being subject to urine and faeces. See in wonder how we make the Signs of Allah’s Oneness clear to them! Then see how they are perverted from the Truth in spite of the evidence.

76. Say: “Do you worship, besides Allah, what has no power to harm or help you, when Allah is the All-Hearing, hearing your words, the All-Knowing, knowing your states?” The question implies a negative answer.

77. Say: “People of the Book (Jews and Christians)! Do not go to extremes in your din, asserting other than the truth exceeding the limits by giving Isa a status beyond that which is appropriate for him and do not follow the whims and desires of people who were misguided earlier, your ancestors who went to extremes, and have misguided many others, and are far from the right way (the Path of the Truth).”

78. Those among the tribe of Israel who disbelieved were cursed on the tongue of Dawud and were transformed into apes, a reference to the people of Ayla who fished on the Sabbath and that of Isa, son of Maryam who cursed them and they were changed into pigs. They were the people of the Table (discussed in 5:115) That curse is because they rebelled and overstepped the limits.

79. They would not restrain one another forbid one another to act in that way from any of the wrong things that they did. How evil were the things they used to do!

80. You, Muhammad, see many of them taking those who disbelieve among the people of Makka as friends out of hatred for you. What (this action) their lower selves have advanced for them in the Next World is evil indeed, as it involves bringing Allah’s anger down upon them. They will suffer punishment timelessly, forever.

81. If they had believed in Allah and the Prophet (Muhammad) and what has been sent down to him, they would not have taken them (the unbelievers) as friends. But most of them are degenerate (outside of belief).

82. You, Muhammad, will find that the most hostile people to those who believe are the Jews and the idolaters (the people of Makka) on account of the intensity of their unbelief and ignorance and their pre-occupation with following their desires. You will find that the most affectionate people to those who believe are those who say, “We are Christians.” They are nearest in love to the believers. That is because some of them are priests (scholars) and monks (worshippers) and because they are not arrogant. They are not too proud to follow the truth in the way that the Jews and the people of Makka were. The following ayat was revealed about the delegation of the Negus who came from Abyssinia. The Prophet recited Sura Yasin, and they wept and became Muslim. They said, “This is the same as what was revealed to Isa.” Allah Almighty says:

83. When they listen to what has been sent down to the Messenger (the Qur’an), you see their eyes overflowing with tears because of what they recognise of the truth. They say, “Our Lord, we believe, and affirm Your Prophet and Your Book. So write us down with the witnesses who are brought nearby affirming them.

84. They said in answer to those of the Jews who criticised them for their affirmation of Islam: How could we not believe in Allah, and the truth that has come to us (the Qur’an) nothing can prevent our belief in the face of the incontrovertible evidence which demands it when we long for our Lord to include us among the people of righteousness: the believers who enter the Garden?” Allah then says:

85. Allah will reward them for what they say with Gardens with rivers flowing under them, remaining in them timelessly, forever. That is the recompense of all good-doers who do good and have faith.

86. As for those who disbelieve and deny Our Signs, they are the Companions of the Blazing Fire.

87. The following was revealed about a group of Companions who dedicated themselves to fasting and prayer, did not approach women or perfume, and did not eat meat or sleep on beds. You who believe, do not make unlawful the good things Allah has made lawful for you, and do not overstep the limits by going beyond what Allah has commanded. Allah does not love people who overstep the limits.

88. Eat the lawful and good things Allah has provided for you, and be fearful of Allah, Him in Whom you believe

89. Allah does not take you to task for your inadvertent oaths: those voiced without a real intention of making an oath, such as when someone says, “Yes, by Allah” or “No, by Allah”, but He will take you to task for oaths you make intentionally (read as ‘aqqadt-tum, ‘aqadttum and ‘ qadttum). The expiation for breaking an oath in that case is to feed ten poor people with the average amount a mudd for each person of the quality you usually buy you feed your family, or to clothe them with what constitutes the normal dress of a shirt, turban and waist-wrapper or their equivalent. According to ash-Shafi, it is not enough to simply give the money for these things or to free a slave. The slave who is freed must be a believer as in the case of other expiations, such as that for killing and zihar divorce. This is an example of applying the general to the specific. Anyone without the means to do so to pay any of these alternative expiations should fast three days as kaffara. It appears that it is not a condition for them to be continuous, and that is the view of ash-Shafi. That which has been mentioned is the expiation for breaking oaths when you have sworn them. Keep to your oaths but break those which are not for righteous actions or putting things right between people, as is stated in Sura al-Baqara (2:224). Thus does Allah make His Signs clear to you, so that perhaps you may be thankful for that.

90. You who believe! Intoxicants anything which muddles the mind gambling, stone altars (idols) and divining arrows are filth and foulness from the handiwork of Shaytan which Shaytan makes seem attractive. Avoid them, the filth represented by these things, completely so that perhaps you may be successful.

91. Shaytan wants to stir up enmity and hatred between you by means of intoxicants and gambling through the evil and conflict which arise out of these things and by your distraction with them to debar you from the remembrance of Allah and from the prayer. The prayer is mentioned specifically to exalt it. So will you not give them up and stop doing them?

92. Obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and beware of acts of disobedience If you turn your back s on obedience, then know that Our Messenger is only responsible for clearly conveying the Message. The Messenger is only responsible for clear transmission. Allah will repay you for what you do.

93. Those who believe and do right actions are not to blame for what they have eaten, meaning any intoxicants they consumed or gambling they did before the prohibition provided they are god -fearing fearing forbidden things, and believe and do right actions, and then are godfearing and believe being firm in fear of Allah and belief and then are godfearing and do good. Allah loves all good-doers and will reward them.

94. You who believe! Allah will test you with small game animals he sends which come within the reach of your hands and large game within reach of your spears this was revealed when the Muslims were in ihram at hudaybiyya and the wild animals came and birds sat on their saddles so that Allah will know with clear and evident knowledge those who fear Him in the Unseen, because even though they do not see Him, they avoid hunting. Anyone who oversteps the limits after this prohibition and hunts will have a painful punishment.

95. You who believe! Do not kill game while you are in ihram for hajj or ‘umra. If one of you kills any deliberately, the penalty for it is a live stock animal equivalent (read as jaz ’un mithlu or jaz’umithli) to what he killed, an animal similar to the prohibited game killed, as judged by two just men among you by those who can distinguish such things. Ibn ‘Abbas, ‘Umar and ‘Ali judged a camel for an ostrich; Ibn ‘Abbas and Abu ‘Ubayda judged a cow for a wild cow and ass; and Ibn ‘Umar and Ibn ‘Awf judged a sheep for a gazelle; and Ibn ‘Abbas, ‘Umar and others judged a sheep for a dove since they are similar in drinking water a sacrifice to reach the Ka‘ba this sacrifice should be carried out in the haram and the meat from it then distributed among the poor people there; it is not permitted to slaughter it where the offence occurred; and if it is something not like livestock, like a sparrow or locust, then its value is owed or expiation (requital) by feeding (read as kaffaratun ta‘amun and kaffaratu ta’amin) the poor, which entails feeding the poor with food of the region concerned equal to the value of the animal chosen, each poor person receiving a mudd or fasting com-menstruate to that food a day for each mudd, and if a person is able to, he must feed rather than fast so that he may taste the evil consequences of and heavy repayment for what he did. Allah has pardoned what took place in the past regarding killing game before it was forbidden; but if anyone does it again Allah will take revenge on him. Allah is Almighty and overcomes all, Exactor of Revenge on those who disobey Him. The penalty is incurred by those who kill game either deliberately or accidentally.

96. What you catch in the sea is lawful for you for both people in ihram and people not in it, and you may eat its catch, which refers to that which lives exclusively in the sea such as fish, but not things which live on the land as well like crabs and all food from it what the sea casts up for your enjoyment in terms of eating and that of travellers who can provide for themselves from it, but land game referring to wild animals living on land which can be eaten is unlawful for you to hunt while you are in ihram. If someone not in ihram catches it and feeds it to someone in ihram, he may eat it, as the Sunna makes clear. So be fearful of Allah, Him to whom you will be gathered.

97. Allah has made the Ka‘ba, the Sacred House, a special institution for mankind appointed for the human race to establish the din by performing the hajj there and as a sanctuary in this world where those who visit it are safe and secure from attack, and all sorts of produce are brought to it and also the sacred months, read as shahru’l-haram in the singular, which is here used as a generic and so is in fact plural and refers to the months of Dhu’l-Qa‘da, Dhu’l-Hijja, Muharram and Rajab. People are safe from fighting during them and the sacrificial animals and the ritual garlands, whose owners are safe from attack. That appointment which was mentioned is so you may know that Allah knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth and that Allah has knowledge of everything. Allah has ordered this to bring about people’s best interests and pre-vent detrimental things before they occur. This is an indication of His knowledge of both what already exists and also everything that is going to exist.

98. Know that Allah is Fierce in Retribution against His enemies and that Allah is Ever Forgiving to His friends, Most Merciful to them.

99. The Messenger is only responsible for conveying the Message to you. Allah knows what actions you divulge and what actions you hide; and He will repay you for them.

100. Say: “Bad (unlawful) things and good (lawful) things are not the same, even though the abundance of the bad things may appear good to you and delight you.” Be fearful of Allah by shunning them, people of intelligence, so that perhaps you will be successful.

101. The following was revealed when many questions were asked of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. You who believe! Do not ask about matters which, if they were made known to you, would make things difficult for you because of the hardship they contain. If you do ask about them while the Qur’an is being sent down – during the life-time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace – they will be made known to you: in other words, they will become apparent and then you will be vexed by them. Do not ask questions about them. Allah has ignored them. He has pardoned your asking, so do not do it again. Allah is Ever Forgiving, Forbearing.

102. People before you asked their Prophets about them (these things) and they explained the rulings about them, and then later came to reject them by refusing to act by those rulings.

103. Allah did not institute any such thing (ruling) as bahira or sa’iba or wasila or hami which the people of the Jahiliyyah used to do. Al-Bukhari reported from Sa‘id ibn al-Musayyab that the bahira was an animal whose milk was assigned to idols and which was not allowed to be milked. The sa’iba was an animal on which no one could put any loads. The wasila was a virgin she-camel which was one of a pair of twins and was devoted to their idols. The hami was a stallion camel which had fathered a certain number of camels after, which they left it for their idols and did not allow it to carry any-thing. But those who disbelieve invented lies against Allah i n ascribing these things to Him falsely. Most of them do not use their intellect, and did not recognise that it was merely an invention of their ancestors’.

104. When they are told, “Come to what Allah has sent down and to the Messenger,” who makes lawful what you have made unlawful, they say, “What we found our fathers doing is enough for us in respect of our din and Shari’ah.” Allah says: What! Is that enough? Even if their fathers did not know anything and were not guided to the truth!

105. You who believe! You are only responsible for yourselves. You can only protect yourselves and put yourselves right. The misguided cannot harm you as long as you are guided. It is said that what is meant by this is that those of the People of the Book who are misguided will not harm you. It is also said that it means others on the basis of the hadith of Abu Tha‘laba al-Khashani: “I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about this and he said, ‘Command the right and forbid the wrong until you see avarice obeyed, passion followed and this world preferred, and every one with an opinion admiring his own opinion: then, take care of yourself.’” (al-Hakim) All of you will return to Allah and He will inform you about what you did and repay you for it.

106. You who believe! When one of you is near to death and makes a will, two just men from among you should act as witnesses this is a command meaning that wills should be witnessed to make clear what is covered by them or, if you are travelling when the misfortune of death occurs, two men from other than yourselves from other than your religion. You should detain them after the prayer (the ‘Asr prayer) and, if you are doubtful about their testimony, they should swear by Allah and say: “By Allah, We will not sell it for any price anything of this world; or make false testimony or a false oath even to a near relative (in his favour), and we will not conceal the testimony of Allah which we were commanded to give. If we did conceal it, we would indeed be among the wrongdoers.”

107. If, after taking an oath, it then comes to light that the two of them have merited the allegation of wrongdoing and it is discovered that they have been treacherous or lying in their testimony, as when something is found that makes them suspect or they claim that they have bought something from the dead man or that he has left them something two others relatives of the dead who have the most right to do so (take the oath) they have more right to a bequest since they are heirs should take their place and swear by Allah that the witnesses have been false, by saying, “Our testimony (oath) is truer than their testimony. We have not committed perjury. We have not exceeded the terms of the oath. If we had, we would indeed be among the wrongdoers.” What happens is that the person dying calls two people to witness his will or he tells them to carry out his instructions. If no one of his din is there, he may call witneses of a different faith if he is on a journey or in other than where he lives. If the heirs are unsure about them and claim that they are unreliable because they have taken something or given something to someone claiming that it was a bequest of the deceased, others are sworn in as witnesses. If there is something that indicates that the first witnesses were lying, witnesses closer to the heirs are called upon to take an oath that the earlier ones lied. What they claim has to be believed. The ruling about executors is upheld, but is abrogated as regards the two witnesses. Similarly allowing the testimony of non-Muslims is also abrogated. The ‘Asr prayer is mentioned because it is a difficult time; and the two relatives are mentioned because of what happened to them. Here is what al-Bukhari reported on this subject. A man of the Banu Sahm went out with Tamim ad-Dari and ‘Adi ibn Badd’ who were Christians. The man died in a place where there were no Muslims. When the two of them brought his goods back, a silver vessel inlaid with gold was missing, and they were brought before the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the verse was revealed. They swore that they knew nothing about it but then the vessel was found in Makka. The people there said that they had bought it from Tamim and ‘Adi. Then the second ayat was revealed and two male relatives of the man rose and swore oaths. We read in the version of at-Tirmidhi that ‘Amr ibn al-‘As and another man rose and swore, “We were closer to him.” In another version, “He fell ill and he made a bequest to them and commanded them to convey what he had left to his family. When he died, they took the goblet and gave his tribe the rest.

108. That judgement about the heirs taking the oath afterwards makes it more likely that they (the witnesses or executors) will give their evidence properly, without alteration or treachery, or be afraid that their oaths will be refuted by subsequent oaths by the heirs who are summoned, who will swear to their treachery and lies and they will be disgraced and liable; and so they will not lie. Be fearful of Allah by abandoning treachery and lying, and listen carefully to what you are commanded, and accept it. Allah does not guide degenerate people who abandon right guidance.

109. On the Day (the Day of Rising) Allah gathers the Messengers together and says to them to rebuke their followers, “What response did you receive when you called people to believe in Allah’s Unity (tawhid)?” they will say, “We do not know t h a t. You are the Knower of unseen things You know what is invisible to people.” They have no knowledge because of the intensity of the terror of the Day of Rising and their alarm. Then the Prophets will testify against their communities when they are silent.

110. Remember when Allah said, Isa, son of Maryam, Remember My blessing upon you and to your mother and be thankful for it when I reinforced you with the Spirit of Purity (Jibril) so that you could speak to people in the cradle as an infant and when you were fully grow n: meaning that he will descend before the Final Hour because he was raised up before he was fully grown, as is mentioned in Sura Al ‘Imran, and when I taught you the Book and Wisdom, and the Torah and the Gospel; and when you created a bird-shape out of clay by My permission (My will) and then breathed into it and it became a bird by My permission; and healed the blind and the leper by My permission; and when you brought forth the dead alive from their graves by My permission; and when I held back the Tribe of Israel from you when they wanted to kill you, when you brought them the Clear Signs (miracles) and those of them who disbelieved said, “This which you have brought is nothing but outright magic (read as sihr and also as sahir, in which case the meaning becomes: ‘This is nothing but an outright magician’, referring to Isa ).”

111. When I inspired the Disciples to believe in Me commanding them on the tongue of Isa and in My Messenger Isa, they said, ‘We believe in You and Your Messenger. Bear witness that we are Muslims.’”

112. Remember when the Disciples said, Isa son of Maryam! Can you ask your Lord (read as Rabbuka and Rabbaka) to send down a table to us out of heaven?” He (Isa) said to them, “Be fearful of Allah about asking for Signs if you are believers!”

113. They said, “We want you to ask so that we will be able to eat from it and for our hearts to be at peace by increased certainty; and to know with greater knowledge that you have told us the truth regarding the truth of your Prophet hood, and to be among those who witness it.”

114. Isa son of Maryam said, “O Allah, our Lord, send down a table to us from heaven to be a feast for us on the day it is sent down, which we will esteem and honour, for the first and last of us for those who will come after us and as a Sign from You of Your power and Isa’s prophet hood. Provide for us! You are the Best of Providers!”

115. Allah said to answer him, “I will send it down (read as munazziluh and munziluh) to you; but if anyone among you afterwards after it has been sent down disbelieves, I will punish him with a punishment the like of which I will not inflict on any -one else in all the worlds!” The angels brought it down from heaven and on it were seven loaves and seven fish. They ate from it until they were full, according to Ibn ‘Abbas. In a hadith we find: “A table was sent down from heaven on which there was bread and meat, and they were commanded not to be faithless and not to store up anything for later. But they were both faithless and stored up, and so they were transformed into monkeys and pigs.”

116. And remember when Allah will say on the Day of Rising to rebuke his followers: Isa son of Maryam! Did you tell people,‘ Take me and my mother as two gods besides Allah’?” he (Isa) will tremble and s a y, “Glory be to You!” declaring Allah free of inappropriate partners and other things. “It is not proper for me to say what I have no right to say! If I did say it, then You would have known it. You know what is concealed in myself but I do not know what is concealed in Your Self of known things. You are the Knower of all unseen things.

117. I told them only what You ordered me to say: That was: ‘Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.’ I was a witness against them a watcher to prevent what they said as long as I remained among them, but when You took me back to You by raising me to heaven, You were the Watcher over them and Recorder of their actions. You are Witness of all things, including what I said and what they said after I left; and You know everything else as well.

118. If You punish them those of them who are unbelievers they are Your slaves. You have power over them and can do what You wish with them, and none can oppose You. If you forgive them those of them who believe You are the Almighty in command, the All-Wise in action.”

119. Allah will say, “This (the Day of Rising) is the Day when the truthfulness of the truthful in this world, such as Isa, will benefit them because it is the Day of Repayment. They will have Gardens with rivers flowing under them, remaining in them timelessly, forever without end. Allah is pleased with them on account of their obedience, and they are pleased with Him on account of their reward. That is the Great Victory.” Those who lied in this world will not benefit by realising the truth then, as happens when the unbelievers have faith once they see the punishment.

120. The sovereignty of the heavens and the earth, the treasure-houses of the rain, plants, provision and all other non-sentient things, and everything in them belongs to Allah. He has power over every -thing. He rewards the truthful and punishes the liars.