سورة المطففين
بِسمِ ٱلله الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيـمِ
ﻣﻜﻴﺔ أو ﻣﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺁﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺳﺘﺔ وﺛﻼﺛﻮن
This sura is Makkan or Madinan and has 36 ayats.
{ وَيْل } كَلِمَة عَذَاب أَوْ وَادٍ فِي جَهَنَّم { للمطففين }
1. Woe to the stinters! The word “Woe”, wayl, means punishment or a valley in the Fire. –
{ الَّذِينَ إِذَا اِكْتَالُوا عَلَى } أَيْ مِنْ { النَّاس يستوفون } الكيل
2. Those who, when they take a measure from people, exact full measure,
{ وَإِذَا كَالُوهُمْ } أَيْ كَالُوا لَهُمْ { أَوْ وَزَنُوهُمْ } أَيْ وَزَنُوا لَهُمْ { يُخْسِرُونَ } يُنْقِصُونَ الْكَيْل أَوْ الوزن
3. …but when they give them a measure or weight, hand over less than is due. T h ey exact their due and then give short measure or weight to others.
{ أَلَا } اِسْتِفْهَام تَوْبِيخ { يَظُنّ } يَتَيَقَّن { أُولَئِكَ أَنَّهُمْ مبعوثون }
4. Do such people not realise that they will be raised up – this question is a rebuke –
{ لِيَوْمٍ عَظِيم } أَيْ فِيهِ وَهُوَ يَوْم الْقِيَامَة
5. …on a Terrible Day – the Day of Rising –
{ يَوْم } بَدَل مِنْ مَحَلّ لِيَوْمٍ فَنَاصِبه مَبْعُوثُونَ { يَقُوم النَّاس } مِنْ قُبُورهمْ { لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ } الْخَلَائِق لِأَجْلِ أَمْره وَحِسَابه وَجَزَائِهِ
6. …the Day mankind will stand before the Lord of all the worlds? – when they will be raised up from their graves in front of the Lord of all creatures for His command, reckoning and repayment.
{ كَلَّا } حَقًّا { إِنَّ كِتَاب الْفُجَّار } أَيْ كِتَاب أَعْمَال الْكُفَّار { لَفِي سِجِّين } قِيلَ هُوَ كِتَاب جَامِع لِأَعْمَالِ الشَّيَاطِين وَالْكَفَرَة وَقِيلَ هُوَ مَكَان أَسْفَل الْأَرْض السَّابِعَة وَهُوَ مَحَلّ إِبْلِيس وَجُنُوده
7. No indeed! The Book of the dissolute is in Sijjın – the Book of the actions of the unbelievers. It is said that Sijjın is the book of all the actions of the shaytans and the unbelievers. It is also said to be the place of the lowest of the seven earths, and is the place of Iblis and his armies.
{ وَمَا أَدْرَاك مَا سِجِّين } مَا كِتَاب سِجِّين
8. And what will convey to you what the Book of Sijjin is?
{ كتاب مرقوم } مختوم
9. A clearly written sealed Book.
{ ويل يومئذ للمكذبين }
10. Woe that Day to the deniers!
{ الَّذِينَ يُكَذِّبُونَ بِيَوْمِ الدِّين } الْجَزَاء بَدَل أَوْ بيان للمكذبين
11. Those who deny the Day of Reckoning and Repayment.
{ وَمَا يُكَذِّب بِهِ إِلَّا كُلّ مُعْتَدٍ } مُتَجَاوِز الْحَدّ { أَثِيم } صِيغَة مُبَالَغَة
12. No one denies it except for every evil aggressor who exceeds the limits.
{ إِذَا تُتْلَى عَلَيْهِ آيَاتنَا } الْقُرْآن { قَالَ أَسَاطِير الْأَوَّلِينَ } الْحِكَايَات الَّتِي سُطِّرَتْ قَدِيمًا جَمَعَ أُسْطُورَة بِالضَّمِّ أَوْ إِسْطَارَة بِالْكَسْرِ
13. When Our Signs (the Qur’an) are recited to him, he says, ‘Mere myths and legends of the previous peoples – stories which they wrote down in the past!’
{ كَلَّا } رَدْع وَزَجْر لِقَوْلِهِمْ ذَلِكَ { بَلْ رَانَ } غَلَبَ { عَلَى قُلُوبهمْ } فَغَشِيَهَا { مَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ } مِنْ الْمَعَاصِي فَهُوَ كَالصَّدَأِ
14. No indeed! This is a rebuke and reprimand for what they said. But what they have earned by way of acts of disobedience has rusted up and covered their hearts.
{ كَلَّا } حَقًّا { إِنَّهُمْ عَنْ رَبّهمْ يَوْمئِذٍ } يَوْم القيامة { لمحجوبون } فلا يرونه
15. No indeed! Rather that Day – the Day of Rising – they will be veiled from their Lord and will not see Him.
{ ثم إنهم لصالو الْجَحِيم } لَدَاخِلُو النَّار الْمُحْرِقَة
16. Then they will enter and roast in the Blazing Fire.
{ ثُمَّ يُقَال } لَهُمْ { هَذَا } أَيْ الْعَذَاب { الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ }
17. Then they will be told, ‘This is what (the punishment) you denied.’
{ كَلَّا } حَقًّا { إِنَّ كِتَاب الْأَبْرَار } أَيْ كِتَاب أَعْمَال الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الصَّادِقِينَ فِي إِيمَانهمْ { لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ } قِيلَ هُوَ كِتَاب جَامِع لِأَعْمَالِ الْخَيْر مِنْ الْمَلَائِكَة وَمُؤْمِنِي الثَّقَلَيْنِ وَقِيلَ هُوَ مَكَان فِي السَّمَاء السَّابِعَة تَحْت الْعَرْش
18. No indeed! The Book of the truly good – the Book of the deeds of the believers who are sincere in their faith – is in ‘Illiyun. It is said to be the Book of all the good actions of the angels, and of the believers among the jinn and mankind. It is a place in the seventh heaven under the Throne.
{ وَمَا أَدْرَاك } أَعْلَمَك { مَا عِلِّيُّونَ } مَا كِتَاب عليين هو
19. And what will convey to you what the Book of ‘Illiyun is?
{ كِتَاب مَرْقُوم } مَخْتُوم
20. A clearly written, sealed book.
{ يَشْهَدهُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ } مِنْ الْمَلَائِكَة
21. Those angels brought near will witness it.
{ إِنَّ الْأَبْرَار لَفِي نَعِيم } جَنَّة
22. The truly good will be in perfect Bliss in the Garden,
{ عَلَى الْأَرَائِك } السُّرَر فِي الْحِجَال { يَنْظُرُونَ } مَا أُعْطُوا مِنْ النَّعِيم
23. …on couches in alcoves, gazing in wonder – contemplating the gifts that they have been given.
{ تَعْرِف فِي وُجُوههمْ نَضْرَة النَّعِيم } بَهْجَة التَّنَعُّم وحسنه
24. You will recognise in their faces the radiance of delight.
{ يُسْقَوْنَ مِنْ رَحِيق } خَمْر خَالِصَة مِنْ الدَّنَس { مَخْتُوم } عَلَى إِنَائِهَا لَا يَفُكّ خَتْمه غَيْرهمْ
25. They shall be given the choicest sealed wine to drink – this is a wine that is free from any impurity; its container is sealed and only opened by the person who drinks it –
{ خِتَامه مِسْك } أَيْ آخِر شُرْبه تَفُوح مِنْهُ رَائِحَة الْمِسْك { وَفِي ذَلِكَ فَلْيَتَنَافَسْ الْمُتَنَافِسُونَ } فَلْيَرْغَبُوا بِالْمُبَادَرَةِ إِلَى طَاعَة اللَّه
26. …whose seal is musk – the dregs of his drink give off the fragrance of musk – let people with aspiration aspire to that – and race one another to obey Allah –
{ وَمِزَاجه } أَيْ مَا يُمْزَج بِهِ { مِنْ تَسْنِيم } فسر بقوله
27. …mixed with Tasnim, explained as
{ عَيْنًا } فَنَصَبَهُ بِأَمْدَحَ مُقَدَّرًا { يَشْرَب بِهَا الْمُقَرَّبُونَ } مِنْهَا أَوْ ضَمَّنَ يَشْرَب مَعْنَى يَلْتَذّ
28. …a fountain at which Those Brought Near will drink and which they will enjoy.
{ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا } كَأَبِي جَهْل وَنَحْوه { كَانُوا مِنْ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا } كَعَمَّارٍ وَبِلَال وَنَحْوهمَا { يَضْحَكُونَ } استهزاء بهم
29. Those who did evil – such as Abü Jahl and others like him – used to laugh at those who believed – such as ‘Ammar, Bilal and others like them.
{ وَإِذَا مَرُّوا } أَيْ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ { بِهِمْ يَتَغَامَزُونَ } يُشِير الْمُجْرِمُونَ إِلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِالْجَفْنِ وَالْحَاجِب اِسْتِهْزَاء
30. When they passed by them (the believers), they (the wrongdoers) would wink at one another – they would indicate the believers with winks to mock them.
{ وإذا انقلبوا } رجعوا { إلى أهلهم انقلبوا فاكهين } وَفِي قِرَاءَة فَكِهِينَ مُعْجَبِينَ بِذِكْرِهِمْ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
31. When they returned to their families, they would make a joke (read as fakihin and fakihin) of them (the believers).
{ وَإِذَا رَأَوْهُمْ } أَيْ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ { قَالُوا إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ لَضَالُّونَ } لِإِيمَانِهِمْ بِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
32. When they saw them (the believers), they would say, ‘Those people are misguided’ because they believe in Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
قال تعالى { وَمَا أُرْسِلُوا } أَيْ الْكُفَّار { عَلَيْهِمْ } عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ { حَافِظِينَ } لَهُمْ أَوْ لِأَعْمَالِهِمْ حَتَّى يُدْرُوهُمْ إِلَى مصالحهم
33. Allah says: But they were not sent as guardians over them – of the believers or their actions, that they could turn them to their best interests.
{ فَالْيَوْم } أَيْ يَوْم الْقِيَامَة { الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْ الكفار يضحكون }
34. So today (the Day of Rising) those who believe are laughing at the unbelievers,
{ عَلَى الْأَرَائِك } فِي الْجَنَّة { يَنْظُرُونَ } مِنْ مَنَازِلهمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّار وَهُمْ يُعَذَّبُونَ فَيَضْحَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ كَمَا ضَحِكَ الْكُفَّار مِنْهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا
35. …on couches, gazing in wonder in Paradise. The believers will look from their houses at the unbelievers who are being punished. They will laugh at them as the unbelievers laughed at them in this world.
{ هَلْ ثُوِّبَ } جُوزِيَ { الْكُفَّار مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ } نعم
36. Have the unbelievers been rewarded and repaid for what they did?