سورة الضحى
بِسمِ ٱلله الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيـمِ
ﻣﻜﻴﺔ وﺁﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ إﺣﺪى ﻋﺸﺮة وﻟﻤﺎ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ آﺒﺮ ﺻﻠﻰ اﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ و ﺳﻠﻢ ﺁﺧﺮهﺎ ﻓﺴﻦ اﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺁﺧﺮهﺎ وروي اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺗﻤﺘﻬﺎ وﺧﺎﺗﻤﺔ آﻞ ﺳﻮرة ﺑﻌﺪهﺎ وهﻮ اﷲ أآﺒﺮ أو :ﻻ إﻟﻪ إﻻ اﷲ واﷲ أآﺒﺮ
This sura is Makkan. It has 11 ayats. When it was revealed, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said the takbir at the end of it, and so it is sunna to say the takbir at the end of it. It should be said at the end of this sura and at the end of every sura after it. The formula to be used is either “Allahu akbar” or “La ilahailla’llahu wa’llahu akbar”.
{ وَالضُّحَى } أَيْ أَوَّل النَّهَار أَوْ كُلّه
1. By the morning brightness – the beginning of the day, or all of the morning –
{ وَاللَّيْل إِذَا سَجَى } غَطَّى بِظَلَامِهِ أَوْ سَكَنَ
2. …and the night when it is still! – covers everything with its darkness, or is still –
{ مَا وَدَّعَك } تَرَكَك يَا مُحَمَّد { رَبّك وَمَا قَلَى } أَبْغَضك نَزَلَ هَذَا لَمَّا قَالَ الْكُفَّار عِنْد تَأَخُّر الْوَحْي عَنْهُ خَمْسَة عَشَر يَوْمًا إِنَّ رَبّه وَدَّعَهُ وَقَلَاهُ
3. …your Lord has not abandoned you, Muhammad, nor does He hate you. This was revealed at a time when nothing had been revealed for fifteen days and the unbelievers said, “Your Lord has abandoned you and hates you.”
{ وَلَلْآخِرَة خَيْر لَك } لِمَا فِيهَا مِنْ الْكَرَامَات لك { من الأولى } للدنيا
4. And the Last will indeed be better for you than the First. Because of the honours for you in the Next World, which will be better than anything in this world.
{ وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيك رَبّك } فِي الْآخِرَة مِنْ الْخَيْرَات عَطَاء جَزِيلًا { فَتَرْضَى } بِهِ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْن لَا أَرْضَى وَوَاحِد مِنْ أُمَّتِي فِي النَّار إِلَى هُنَا تَمَّ جَوَاب الْقَسَم بِمُثْبَتَيْنِ بَعْد مَنْفِيَّيْنِ
5. Your Lord will soon give to you ample good things in the Next World and you will be satisfied with that. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “I will not be pleased if any of my Community remains in the Fire.” This is the end of the oath.
{ أَلَمْ يَجِدك } اِسْتِفْهَام تَقْرِير أَيْ وَجَدَك { يَتِيمًا } بِفَقْدِ أَبِيك قَبْل وِلَادَتك أَوْ بَعْدهَا { فَآوَى } بِأَنْ ضَمَّك إِلَى عَمّك أَبِي طَالِب
6. Did He not find you orphaned and shelter you? “He found you without a father before you were born or else after that, and gave you shelter with your uncle, Abu Talib.”
{ وَوَجَدَك ضَالًّا } عَمَّا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ الشَّرِيعَة { فَهَدَى } أَيْ هَدَاك إِلَيْهَا
7. Did He not find you wandering without the Shari’a and guide you to it?
{ وَوَجَدَك عَائِلًا } فَقِيرًا { فَأَغْنَى } أَغْنَاك بِمَا قَنَّعَك بِهِ مِنْ الْغَنِيمَة وَغَيْرهَا وَفِي الْحَدِيث لَيْسَ الْغِنَى عَنْ كَثْرَة الْعَرَض وَلَكِنَّ الْغِنَى غِنَى النفس
8. Did He not find you impoverished and enrich you? He enriched you with what was enough for you, from booty and other things. We read in a hadıth, “Wealth does not come from an abundance of goods. True wealth is contentment.”
{ فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيم فَلَا تَقْهَر } بِأَخْذِ مَاله أَوْ غَيْر ذَلِكَ
9. So as for orphans, do not oppress them – do not take their property or inflict any other form of oppression;
{ وَأَمَّا السَّائِل فَلَا تَنْهَر } تَزْجُرهُ لِفَقْرِهِ
10. …and as for beggars, do not berate them for being poor.
{ وَأَمَّا بنعمة ربك } عليك بالنبوة وغيره { فَحَدِّثْ } أَخْبِرْ وَحُذِفَ ضَمِيره صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وسلم في بعض الأفعال رعاية للفواصل
11. And as for the blessing of your Lord – those of Prophethood and other things – speak out!