1. Truly We have given you the Great Abundance. This is addressed to Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Kawthar is a river in the Garden from which the Basin of his Community is watered. Kawthar means immense good, in the form of Prophethood, Qur’an, intercession and other things.

2. So pray to your Lord and sacrifice. This refers to the prayer of the Id of Sacrifice. “Sacrifice your sacrificial animals.”

3. It is the one who hates you who is cut off without posterity: cut off from all good, or cut off from having descendants. This was revealed about al-As ibn Wa’il, who called the Prophet abtar (cut off) when his son al-Qasim died.